民法典时代政府信息公开中个人私密信息保护研究

Study on the Protection of Personal Private Information during Government Information Disclosure in the Era of Civil Code

个人私密信息是个人隐私与个人信息的交集,既受隐私权保护也受个人信息权益保护,我国《民法典》确立了优先适用隐私权保护和处理须获权利人明确同意等严格保护规则。随着数字化治理的发展,《政府信息公开条例》的隐私权保护机制力有不逮。我国《民法典》施行中"法法衔接"和我国《个人信息保护法》施行恰是个人私密信息保护制度的发展契机。宜主要从四个方面完善政府信息中的个人私密信息保护制度:确立包含个人私密信息的政府信息不得公开原则,列举规定个人私密信息可予公开范围,裁量公开程序中保障第三人参与权,确立不同的征求意见程序以区分保护个人私密信息与普通信息。

Personal private information is the mixture of personal privacy and personal information,protected on both grounds of the privacy and personal information interests.The Civil Code of China establishes rules of strict protection such as the preemptive application of privacy protection and information treatment upon the explicit approval by a right holder.With the development of digital governance,the mechanism on privacy protection in Regulations on Government Information Disclosure is not strong enough.The"connection of laws"during the implementation of the Civil Code and the effectiveness of the Law on the Protection of Personal Information are exactly the opportunity for the development of the system of protection of personal private information.It is advisable to improve the system of personal private information protection during government information disclosure in four aspects:to establish the principle that government information containing personal private information should not be disclosed,to stipulate the scope of personal private information that may be disclosed by the way of enumeration,to guarantee the third party’s right to participation in procedures concerning discretionary disclosure,and to establish different procedures for soliciting opinions and comments to make a distinction between the protection of private information and the protection of ordinary information.