财政补贴、产业促进与公平竞争审查

Fiscal Subsidies,Industry Promotion and Fair Competition Review

财政补贴是政府频繁使用的用以促进产业发展或实现其他社会公共利益目标的政策工具,但地方利益的狭隘视角或官员职务晋升的利己主义行为动机,导致了产业领域涉嫌反竞争的财政补贴政策措施的出台。着眼于本地企业和规模企业扶持发展的财政补贴,人为扩大了本地企业与外地企业、规模企业与中小企业等之间的市场力量对比,干扰了市场机制的良性运行,恶化了市场公平竞争环境,缺乏必要的行为正当性基础,亟待规范。准确把握正负面经济效果兼具的财政补贴的审查尺度,并就审查中所面临的竞争政策与产业政策等经济公共政策之间的冲突建立有效的协同机制,是破解当下财政补贴公平竞争审查裹足不前现状的关键。

Fiscal subsidies are frequently used by the government as a policy tool to promote industrial development or achieve other social public interest goals,but in practice,the narrow-mindedness of local interests or the officials'egoistic motives of promotion have led to some suspected anti-competitive fiscal subsidy policy measures.Those fiscal subsidy policy measures aiming at supporting the development of local enterprises and large-scale enterprises artificially expand the market power discrepancy between local enterprises and outside enterprises,and large-scale enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises,interfere with the benign operation of market mechanism,deteriorate the fair competition environment,and lack the necessary justification basis.Thus there is an urgent need to regulate them.One key issue for solving the current stagnation of fiscal subsidy fair competition review is how to accurately exercise the review scale of fiscal subsidy policy measures which have both positive and negative economic effects,and establish effective coordination mechanisms regarding the policy conflicts faced in the review.