考虑配电网负荷波动和电压偏移的充电站优化规划

Optimal planning of electric vehicle charging stations considering the load fluctuation and voltage offset of distribution network

为了减少充电站选址定容对配电网产生的不利影响,提出考虑配电网负荷波动和电压偏移的电动汽车充电站优化规划模型。首先,综合考虑投资运营者成本和用户成本,构建充电站的投资建设成本、运营维护成本以及用户成本总和最小化的优化模型。其次,在配电网约束条件下,建立配电网的网损最小、负荷波动率最小以及电压偏移指标最小的评价模型。采用遗传算法与Voronoi图联合求解,得到充电站的站址和容量,并选择出对配电网影响最小、总成本较小等综合最优的方案。最后,将规划区域内交通网络和电网信息相结合进行仿真。仿真结果验证该模型的合理性和有效性。

In order to reduce the adverse impact of location and capacity of charging station in distribution network,this paper considers the load fluctuation and voltage offset of the distribution network to build a optimal planning model for the location and size of electric vehicle(EV)charging stations.First of all,the cost of investment operator and the cost of user are comprehensively considered to construct the optimization model that minimizes the sum of investment and construction costs,operation and maintenance costs,and user costs of charging stations.Then,under the distribution network constraints,the evaluation model is built for the distribution network with the smallest loss,the smallest load fluctuation rate,and the smallest voltage offset indicator.Genetic algorithm is combined with Voronoi diagram to obtain the site and capacity of the charging station and select the comprehensive optimal scheme with the least impact on the distribution network and the total cost.Finally,the transportation network and power grid information are combined in the planned area.The simulation results verify the rationality and effectiveness of the model.