碳中和技术的化学原理及发展现状

Chemical Principle and Development of Carbon Neutral Technology

我国于2021年正式提出将在2060年前实现“碳中和”的目标,这离不开先进的化学工艺对碳中和技术的改良和创新。目前常见的实现碳中和的技术有能源结构的变革、碳捕获-转化一体化、CO_(2)资源化利用,文中揭示了这三种碳中和技术的化学原理并梳理了它们的发展现状,并提出CCUS技术副产氢的利用、氢气耦合CO_(2)高附加值化学品的制备和CO_(2)资源的矿产化的相关展望。

In 2021,China proposed to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality by 2060,which is inseparable from the improvement and innovation of carbon neutral technology by advanced chemical processes.At present,common technologies for achieving carbon neutrality include energy structure reform,carbon capture-transformation integration,and CO_(2)resource utilization.The chemical principles of these three carbon neutral technologies and sorts out their development status were revealed,and the utilization of by-product hydrogen from CCUS technology,the preparation of high value-added chemicals with hydrogen coupled CO_(2),and the prospects for the mineralization of CO_(2)resources were proposed.