交际与传播之争:“Intercultural Communication”的在华理论旅行

The Conflict between‘Jiaoji’and‘Chuanbo’:The Theoretical Travel of Intercultural Communication in China

"Intercultural Communication"进入中国学界已近40年,不同学科对其进行了各异的驯化,并形成了独特话语形式。在此之中,基于外语研究的跨文化交际与基于传播研究的跨文化传播最为显著。然而,目前跨文化交际或跨文化传播的学术史研究往往视两者差异为理所当然之事,缺乏对其成因的追问。因此,文章借助知识社会学,重新反思"Intercultural Communication"在华早期引介过程,探索主流叙事所遮蔽的灰色地带。通过重新发现"Intercultural Communication"在华引介者、传播研究者与外语研究者在早期引介的差异成因,文章发现,跨文化交际与跨文化传播的差异并非自然产物,而属于学术场域争斗与社会意识形态的结合物。

As a research area,Intercultural Communication has been introduced to Chinese academic community for nearly 40 years,in which,different disciplines have domesticated it and transformed it into different academic discourses.Among such discourses,the discourse based on the studies of foreign languages,‘Kuawenhuajiaoji’(跨文化交际),and the discourse based on the studies of communication,‘Kuawenhuachuanbo’(跨文化传播),matter most.However,many local studies of academic history about such discourses pay little attention to the difference between them,while regarding such difference as a natural result.Hence the article,based on the Sociology of Knowledge,endeavors to explore the grey zone obscured in the mainstream narrative through the reflect on the early introduction of Intercultural Communication in Chinese academic community.After the rediscovery of the introducer of Intercultural Communication in Chinese academic community and the reason why scholars of communication and foreign languages held different attitudes to the introduction of Intercultural Communication in Chinese academic community,the article finds that the difference between‘Kuawenhuajiaoji’(跨文化交际)and‘Kuawenhuachuanbo’(跨文化传播)is not a natural result,but a result caused by the combination of the conflict in the academic filed and social ideology.