以检测技术为基础做好铁路桥梁健康管理

Health Management of Railway Bridge Based on Testing Technology

我国铁路快速发展,大量铁路桥梁面临着科学健康管理的需求。铁路桥梁健康管理领域的挑战包括:不同类型自然灾害、老旧桥梁劣化类型多样、新建桥梁采用大量新技术及检测手段智能化不足等。铁路桥梁健康管理技术体系不仅包括组织管理手段,还包括检测技术、评估技术、预测与预警技术及维修决策技术。从管理上要建立以可靠度理论为基础的管理理念,完善标准体系,建立一体化的信息化平台;从技术上要发展智能化检测和监测技术,发展风险评估和可靠性评估理论,研究桥梁运营性能评估技术,精细预测桥梁剩余寿命,对重大事故进行科学预警,基于全生命周期成本理念指导科学的运维决策,发展状态修和预防性养护。

With the rapid development of China’s railway,a large number of railway bridges are facing the demand for scientific health management.Challenges in the field of railway bridge health management include:different types of natural disasters,various types of deterioration of old bridges,the adoption of a large number of new technologies for newly-built bridges,and insufficient intelligence of testing methods.The technical system of railway bridge health management includes not only the organization and management means,but also the testing technology,evaluation technology,prediction and early-warning technology and maintenance decision-making technology.In terms of management,it is necessary to establish a management concept based on reliability theory,improve the standard system and establish an integrated information platform;in terms of technology,it is necessary to develop intelligent testing and monitoring technology,develop risk assessment and reliability assessment theory,study bridge operation performance assessment technology,predict the residual life of bridge in detail,give scientific early warning to grave accidents,guide scientific operation and maintenance decision based on the concept of life cycle cost,and develop condition-based maintenance and preventive curing.