茂名地区主要水产品汞含量分析与风险评估

Mercury content analysis and risk assessment of the major aquatic products in Maoming

目的:了解茂名地区主要水产品中汞污染的现状和水平,为水产品的质量监管和安全食用提供依据。方法:根据调查问卷选取广东省茂名市4个地区居民常食用的10种水产品为评估对象,采用原子荧光光谱法对样本进行总汞含量测定,采用单因子污染指数法、周均单位体重暴露量和目标危险系数法分别对其进行污染程度评估、膳食暴露评估和健康风险评估。结果:调查发现42.95%的居民对水产品中汞污染的危害认识不足;10种水产品总汞含量范围为ND~0.1418 mg/kg,检出率为35.9%,金丝鱼样品的总汞检出率和含量明显高于其他的海产品;39个样品中有38个样品的总汞污染指数Pi<0.2;总汞的周均单位体重暴露量为0.0909μg/(kg·BW),占每周耐受摄入量的2.273%;水产品中总汞的目标危险系数均小于1,平均目标危险系数为0.13。结论:总体上茂名地区10种水产品总汞含量均未超过国家规定的限量标准,汞污染程度处于安全水平,潜在的健康风险较低,可以安全食用。

Objective:To understand the current situation and level of mercury pollution in main aquatic products in Maoming area,so as to provide the basis for quality supervision and safe consumption of aquatic products.Methods:Ten kinds of aquatic products commonly consumed by residents in four districts of Maoming were selected as the evaluation objects according to the questionnaire.The total mercury content of the samples was determined by atomic fluorescence Spectrophotometer,pollution degree assessment,dietary exposure assessment and health risk assessment were carried out by single factor pollution index method,weekly average exposure per unit weight and target hazard quotient respectively.Results:The results showed that 42.95%of the residents were not aware of the harm of mercury pollution in aquatic products,and the total mercury content in 10 kinds of aquatic products ranged from ND~0.1418 mg/kg,the detection rate was 35.9%The total mercury pollution index(Pi)of 38 out of 39 samples was less than 0.2,and the weekly average exposure per unit weight of total mercury was 0.0909μg/(kg·BW),which accounted for 2.273%of Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake(PTWI).The target hazard quotient of total mercury in aquatic products was less than 1,and the average target risk factor was 0.13.Conclusion:Overall,the total mercury content of 10 aquatic products in the Maoming region did not exceed the national limits,and the level of mercury pollution is at a safe level,the potential health risks are low and safe to eat.