2019冠状病毒病疫苗接种相关新发及复发肾小球病研究进展

New-onset and relapsing glomerular diseases related to COVID-19 vaccination

作为控制疫情的重要手段,2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗已经在全球范围内广泛接种,但疫苗接种引起的新发及复发肾小球病也引起了肾脏病领域研究者的高度关注。根据全球范围的报道,信使RNA疫苗与灭活疫苗都有可能引起新发及复发肾小球病;首剂及第2剂接种后都有可能发病;新发肾小球病以微小病变为主,大多对激素敏感;复发病例亦预后良好,部分可自行缓解。疫苗引起的体液、细胞免疫反应可能是导致新发及复发肾小球病的原因。本文总结了COVID-19疫苗接种相关的新发及复发肾小球病病例,并为肾脏病患者接种COVID-19疫苗提供了建议。

COVID-19 vaccine,as one of the critical measures to control the pandemic,has been administered in nearly all countries.However,the new-onset and relapsing glomerular diseases associated with COVID-19 vaccination have become a new concern.Both mRNA vaccine and inactivated vaccine may cause new-onset and relapsing glomerular diseases;these diseases would occur after the first dose vaccination or the second dose. New-onset glomerular disease is mainly minimal change glomerulopathy, which is mostly sensitive to steroid, while relapsing cases have good prognosis, and some cases can be spontaneously remitted. The pathogenesis of these vaccine-associated diseases is possibly due to the humoral and cellular immune responses. In this article, we provide a general review of the new-onset and relapsing glomerular diseases related to COVID-19 vaccination, and make suggestions for patients with kidney diseases to receive COVID-19 vaccination.