斑岩铜-钼成矿体系中铼含量分布特征及其制约因素探讨

Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rhenium concentrations in molybdenite from the porphyry Cu-systems:A review

金属铼(Re)是支撑航空航天等高科技产业高质量发展的重要原材料,具不可替代性。研究表明,世界上绝大部分的Re都赋存在斑岩型矿床的辉钼矿之中,且Re含量在矿床、矿石、矿物颗粒等不同尺度上均存在较大差异,但目前学术界对导致这些差异的影响因素尚不清楚。本文通过对全球斑岩型Cu(Mo)、Mo(Cu)矿床中Mo品位、辉钼矿的微量元素组成和Re-Os年龄、成矿岩体的化学组成、Sr-Nd同位素等数据的汇总,深入探讨了影响该类矿床辉钼矿中Re含量变化的主要因素。结果显示,Re含量与矿床中钼的平均品位呈负相关,地幔物质的加入可能是形成高Re辉钼矿的基础。本研究证实,辉钼矿Re含量与其成矿时代不具耦合关系,并且Re的含量与辉钼矿沉淀的位置、以及辉钼矿多型之间亦无明显相关性,而可能与成矿岩体的成分、岩浆分异程度、成矿流体的性质、热液蚀变及表生作用过程有关。

As one of key metals,rhenium(Re)is extensively used in high-tech fields such as aerospace due to its refractory geochemical properties,which is irreplaceable.Previous studies have shown that most of Re in the world is concentrated in molybdenite of porphyry Cu-Mo deposits,but Re concentrations vary significantly on the scale of ore deposits,samples and even individual molybdenite particles.At present,understanding of such difference is still unclear.Based on the data of molybdenum grades,trace elements contents of molybdenite,molybdenite Re-Os ages,lithogeochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of porphyry Cu(Mo)and Mo(Cu)deposits in the world,key factors of affecting Re concentrations in molybdenite from porphyry deposits are discussed.The results show that Re concentrations are negatively correlated with the average molybdenum grades,and mantle-derived component input may be in favor of high Re molybdenite formation.This study confirmed that there were no direct relationships between Re concentrations of molybdenite and metallogenic ages of porphyry deposits,molybdenite precipitation locations,and molybdenite polytypes.In contrast,rhenium concentrations in molybdenite may be related to the compositions of ore-forming rocks,magmatic differentiation degree,nature of ore-forming fluids,hydrothermal alteration and supergenesis.