诗可以兴:古代儿童诗教的发生逻辑和启示

Poetry Can Rouse:The Logic of Ancient Children’s Poetry Education and Enlightenment

儿童诗教是中国古代的一种文化现象和广泛存在的教育现实。就教育层面而言,诗教包括了《诗经》及其他以精粹的文字表现美感,有声韵可以歌咏的艺术性作品的教育和学习。基于父子兄弟之爱的亲情和对所处自然的自然之情构成了儿童成长的本源性情感。诗作为情的反映,诗教是儒家教化逻辑中的重要一环。诗借助兴的表现手法、吟诵的外在形式、意象的积累与感通,可以激发并丰富儿童的情感体验,促进儿童对事物的认识与意义世界的建构,由此构成儿童诗教发生的完整逻辑过程。古代儿童诗教的发生逻辑提示我们,现代儿童教育应注重儿童情之兴发能力的保持,同时应更深入和审慎地认识和理解古代儿童的读经活动。

Children’s poetry education is a cultural phenomenon and a widespread educational reality in ancient China. As far as education is concerned,poetry education includes the education and learning of the book of songs and other artistic works that express aesthetic feeling with the essence of words and have the rhyme to sing. In the logic of poetic education,it takes the affection of family and nature as the original emotional prototype,the rise of affection as the logical starting point,and the external recitation,the internal image accumulation and the synesthesia of affection as the basic logical process. The occurrence logic of ancient children’s poetry teaching reminds us that modern children’s education should pay attention to the maintenance of the ability to rise and develop children’s emotion,and should more deeply and carefully understand ancient children’s poetry reading activities.