《文选》李善注所引《字林》与《说文》异同考察

A Study on the Similarities and Differences between Shuowen Jiezi(《说文解字》)and Zilin(《字林》)from Li Shan’s Notes in Wenxuan(《文选》)

本文将《文选》李善注中所引《字林》摘录出来,与《说文》进行对比研究,发现两者有同有异。相同之处体现在《字林》采用了和《说文》相同的分部,收录了一些在形音义上皆与《说文》相同的条目。不同之处主要体现在两书收录内容的差异上,这些差异大体可分为相关性差异和无关性差异两类,形成差异的主要原因是《字林》倾向于收录异体字形、后世流行的字形和引申义等。这些差异可反映出东汉到西晋间汉字的一些演变情况。

This paper extracts the entries of Zilin(《字林》)quoted in Li Shan’s notes to Wenxuan(《文选》),and makes a comparative study with Shuowen(《说文》),finding that they have some similarities and differences.The similarities lie in the fact that Zilin adopts the same radicals as Shuowen and includes some Chinese characters the same as that in Shuowen in terms of shape,pronunciation and meaning.The differences are mainly shown in their contents,which can be roughly divided into two categories:related differences and unrelated differences.The main causes for these distinctions include Zilin’s tendency to record variants or glyphs popular in later generations,extended meanings and so on.These differences reflect the development of Chinese characters from Shuowen to Zilin.