中医古籍“疒”部俗字考辨举隅

An Interpretation of Knotty Chinese Characters in Ancient Chinese Medical Books

本文结合汉字演变规律,通过综合运用形音义互求、文献比勘等方法,对出自中医古籍的9个疒部疑难俗字进行了考辨。“■”为“横痃”之“横”的新造字,又为“痃”字之讹;“■”为“■”字之讹,二者为“妒(妬)”的异体字,义为“脏腑虚弱、外邪入侵导致的气血郁滞不通而生的痈疮”;“■”在中医古籍中为“结核”之“核”的专造字,在佛经中又为“■(■)”的异体字,在集部文献中又为“瘛”字之讹;“■”为“瘫缓”之“缓”改换义符的分化字;“■”除在佛经中为“癢”的换声旁俗字外,又为“恙”增加义符的分化字;“■痢”“■■”“■■”“鬎鬁”“鬁”均为同一联绵词的不同词形,“■”“■”同“鬎”“■”,“■”“■”同“鬁”,均是记录这一联绵词的新造字。

According to the evolution law of Chinese characters,this paper makes a textual research on nine knotty Chinese characters with the疒radical from ancient Chinese medicine books by mutual seeking of form,sound and meaning,literature comparison and so on.It is believed that𤵄is a new word for横of横痃,and it is also an error of the word痃;■is the error of the word■,and they both are variant characters of妒(妬)which means carbuncle and sore caused by stagnation of qi and blood from weakness of viscera and invasion of exogenous evil;■is a special word for核of结核in ancient Chinese medical books,a variant of𤶆(■)in Buddhist scriptures,and an error of the word瘛in Jibu literature;■is the differentiation word for缓of瘫缓;■is not only a common word for癢in Buddhist scriptures,but also the differentiation word for恙;■痢■■■■鬎鬁■鬁are all different word forms of the same lianmian word.■■is the same as鬎■,■■,similar to鬁,all of which are new words for recording this lianmian word.