也论魏延“子午谷之计”的战略价值

Strategic Value of Wei Yan’s“Meridian Valley Plan”

“子午谷之计”是蜀汉名将魏延在诸葛亮首次出师北伐时,提出的由子午谷进军十日而攻克长安的军事计划。该计划设计大胆、构思巧妙,蜀军以快速突袭战术穿越子午谷道,形成兵临长安的进攻态势,达到军事上的战略威慑,迫使魏军不战自退。但从蜀军的行军速度、攻坚力量、双方军力对比、曹军驰援速度、奇袭的隐蔽性等军事角度分析,这仅是魏延凭个人意志构想的带有理想化色彩的军事冒险方针,十日之内袭取长安的战略构想根本无法实现。

In 228 AD,Zhuge Liang first left the army for the northern expedition.Wei Yan,a famous general of Shu Han Dynasty,proposed a military plan to attack Chang’an from the meridian valley for ten days.According to this plan which was delicately designed and boldly conceived,the Shu Army can cross the meridian valley with rapid strike tactics to form an offensive situation in Chang’an,achieving military strategic deterrence and forcing the Wei Army to withdraw without fighting.However,this is only Wei Yan’s idealized military risk-taking policy conceived by his own will.If we analyze from the Shu Army’s marching speed,the strength of attack,the comparison of forces,the speed of the Cao Army’s support and the concealment of surprise attacks,we can find the strategic concept of attacking Chang’an within ten days cannot be realized at all.