新疆乌鲁木齐宠物源常见病原菌的耐药性调查

Investigation on Drug Resistance of Common Pathogenic Bacteria from Pet Sources in Urumqi,Xin Jiang

为了解乌鲁木齐市宠物源常见病原菌的携带情况,掌握不同病原菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药情况,有益于指导临床合理用药。在乌鲁木齐市多个宠物医院采集宠物肛拭子样品170份,分离大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌和沙门菌,并测定最小抑菌浓度。结果显示:分离出大肠杆菌124株(分离率为72.9%),对环丙沙星(98.4%)和氨苄西林(97.6%)的耐药率最高,多药耐药以8耐为主(25.8%,32/124);分离出葡萄球菌154株(分离率为90.6%),对苯唑西林(94.2%)的耐药率最高,对四环素、左氧氟沙星、氟苯尼考和克林霉素的耐药率均在50.0%以上,其耐药谱型呈多样化,以4耐(14.9%,23/154)和6耐(12.9%,20/154)为主;分离出沙门菌44株(分离率为25.9%),对四环霉素、卡那霉素、氟苯尼考、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星的耐药率高达100%,以8耐为主(88.6%,39/44)。结果表明乌鲁木齐市宠物源病原菌携带率高,沙门菌呈现低携带率、高耐药率且耐药谱型单一特点,大肠杆菌和葡萄球菌耐药谱型广。提示应加强对宠物源病原菌的耐药性监控,以防耐药菌激增。

In order to understand the carrying situation of common pathogenic bacteria from pets in Urumqi,and to master the resistance of different pathogenic bacteria to commonly used clinical antibiotics.The drug resistance results obtained can be used to guide rational drug use in clinic.170 samples of pet anal swabs were collected from several pet hospitals in Urumqi.Three common pathogenic bacteria,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus and Salmonella,were isolated and identified.The minimal inhibitory concentration for the isolated pathogens was determined.The results were as follows:124 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated,and the isolation rate was 72.9%.The rate of resistance to ciprofloxacin(98.4%)and methicillin(97.6%)was the highest.The multidrug resistance was mainly 8(25.8%,32/124).154 strains of Staphylococcus were isolated,and the isolation rate was 90.6%.The resistance rate to oxacillin(94.2%)was the highest.And the resistance rates to tetracycline,levofloxacin,florfenicol and clindamycin were all above 50.0%.Drug resistance patterns were varied,mainly 4(14.9%,23/154)and 6(12.9%,20/154).44 strains of Salmonella were isolated,the isolation rate was 25.9%.The resistance rate to tetracycline,kanamycin,florfenicol,ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin were up to 100%.The resistance was mainly with 8 resistance(88.6%,39/44).The results indicated that the carrying rate of pet source pathogens in Urumqi was high.Salmonella exhibited low carrying rate,high drug resistance rate and single drug resistance profile,and E.coli and Staphylococcus had a wide spectrum of drug resistance.The monitoring of pet-resistant bacteria should be strengthened to prevent the proliferation of drug-resistant bacteria.