湖南省不同作业期人工增雨的需求探析

Analysis on the demand of artificial precipitation enhancement in different operation periods in Hunan Province

利用湖南省主要农作物、森林火灾和洞庭湖遥感监测等资料,采用统计分析方法,从农业抗旱、森林火险和生态保护方面,探讨湖南省人工增雨不同作业期的需求。结果表明,针对农业抗旱开展的人工增雨主要作业期因作物发育期不同而有差异,作业区域因作物布局不同也有区别,水稻主作业期为7—10月,根据干旱情况可覆盖全省;油菜主作业期为10月中下旬—次年3月,区域为湘中以北和衡阳地区;棉花主作业期为6月中旬—8月,区域为洞庭湖区和衡阳地区。林业人工增雨主作业期为8月、10月—次年4月,主要作业区在邵阳、郴州、永州、怀化等四个森林火灾高发市州。洞庭湖湿地生态保护人工增雨主要作业期在枯水期11月—次年4月。

Based on the data of main crops,forest fire and remote sensing monitoring of Dongting Lake in Hunan Province,the needs of artificial precipitation in different operation periods in Hunan Province were discussed from the aspects of agricultural drought resistance,forest fire insurance and ecological protection.The results show that the main operation periods of artificial precipitation enhancement for agricultural drought resistance are different due to different crop development periods,and the operation areas are also different due to different crop layout.The main operation period of rice is from July to October,which can cover the whole province according to the drought situation.The main operation period of rape is from mid to late October to March of the next year,in the north of central Hunan and Hengyang.The main operation period of cotton is from mid-June to August,and the areas are Dongting Lake and Hengyang.The main operation period of forestry artificial rainfall enhancement is August and October to April of the next year.The main operation areas are Shaoyang,Chenzhou,Yongzhou,and Huaihua with high forest fire incidence.The main operation period of artificial precipitation enhancement for ecological protection of Dongting Lake wetland is from November to April of the next year.