动态精密工程测量技术及应用

Technology and applications of dynamic and precise engineering surveying

动态精密工程测量可用于监测工程结构物的建设期和运营期的状态变化。随着各类传感器及智能车、无人机、无人船、机器人等自动化移动平台的快速普及,工程测量逐渐向自动化、动态化、智能化方向发展,具备了运动状态下的测量能力。同时,也发展了系列成熟的测量设备,如测量机器人、移动测量车、专用集成测量装备等,它们可进行动态精密的位置、姿态、表观形状、内部状态等参数测量。本文围绕专用集成的智能化测量装备,首先梳理了智能化感知设备集成和智能化数据处理方法,然后阐述了在公路路面病害监测、大坝内部变形监测、城市排水管网病害监测、输水工程安全监测等不同场景下的应用实例。

The dynamic precision engineering survey is not only used in the construction but also in monitoring the dynamic change during usage.With the rapid popularization of various sensors and automated mobile platform,such as intelligent vehicles,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),unmanned ship,robots etc.,the engineering survey is upgraded in an automated,dynamic and intelligent way.It is now armed with the ability to survey in movement.Surveying devices,including mature surveying robots,mobile surveying vehicle,etc.,have been proposed.Another way is to assemble devices delicately for specific applications,which can achieve dynamic and precise measurements of position,posture,internal deform and external shape.Focusing on the intelligent device with integrated sensors and specific applications,this paper puts forward the integration principle of multiple sensors and the advanced data processing methods for intelligent engineering surveying.This paper also demonstrates several applications of these devices,such as internal deformation monitoring of the rockfill dam,damage monitoring of the urban underground water pipelines,surveying of the road damages and the damage detection on the south-to-north water diversion project(SNWDP),to show different requirements and solutions in different applications.