多元学习理论中的“鸡兔同笼”问题解决教学

The Mathematics Problem Solving of“Chickens and Rabbits in the Same Cage”Following Multiple Learning Theories

数学问题解决领域的研究关注点从“知识的获得”到“技巧的运用”,再到解决“现实中的问题”,这与人类基本学习领域有着相同的发展脉络。以“鸡兔同笼”问题解决教学为例,从学习理论的3种视角(行为主义、认知主义、建构主义)出发,分析数学问题解决领域的教学目标、教学方式及学习方式方面的差异,并由此得出数学问题解决教学的3个方面启示:理论视角多元化;实际问题数学化;建立问题解决共同体。

The focus of mathematics problem solving is consistent with the development path of human learning,which is from“knowledge acquisition”to“skill application”,and then to“real problems solving”.Taking the problem of“chickens and rabbits in the same cage”as an example,we found that the teaching goals,teaching methods,and students'learning styles in the field of mathematics problem solving teaching could be analyzed from three perspectives of learning theories(behaviorism,cognitivism and constructivism).Thus,three aspects of enlightenment of mathematics problem solving teaching are obtained,which are the diversification of theoretical perspectives,the mathematical attention about problems,and the establishment of problem-solving community.