小儿支气管哮喘急性发作的独立危险因素分析

Analysis of independent risk factors for acute attacks of pediatric bronchial asthma

目的探讨小儿支气管哮喘急性发作的危险因素。方法选择平邑县人民医院2019年6月至2020年4月120例支气管哮喘急性发作患儿为观察组,选择同期120例支气管哮喘缓解期患儿为对照组,采用单因素分析小儿支气管哮喘急性发作的相关因素,采用多因素logistic回归分析小儿支气管哮喘急性发作的独立危险因素。结果观察组过敏体质、哮喘家族史、呼吸道感染史、气候变化、应用空调、被动吸烟及接触刺激性气体比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析显示,哮喘家族史、过敏体质、被动吸烟、气候变化是诱发小儿支气管哮喘发病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论小儿支气管哮喘急性发作危险因素较多,在日常生活中要针对危险因素进行预防,减少危险因素暴露及哮喘发作风险。

Objective To investigate the risk factors for acute attacks of pediatric bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 120 children with acute attacks of bronchial asthma from June 2019 to April 2020 in the People's Hospital of Pingyi County were selected as the observation group,and another 120 children with bronchial asthma in remission in the same period were selected as the control group.The factors associated with acute attacks of pediatric bronchial asthma were analyzed by single factor analysis,and the independent risk factors of acute attacks of pediatric bronchial asthma were analyzed by multi-factor logistic regression analysis.Results The proportions of allergy,family history of asthma,history of respiratory tract infection,climate change,application of air conditioning,passive smoking and exposure to irritating gases were higher in the observation group than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that family history of asthma,allergy,passive smoking and climate change were independent risk factors leading to the development of pediatric bronchial asthma(P<0.05).Conclusion There are many risk factors for acute attacks of pediatric bronchial asthma,and prevention of risk factors should be targeted in daily life to reduce the exposure to risk factors and the risk of asthma attacks.