摘要
目的分析神经内科医院感染常见致病菌及其耐药情况。方法回顾分析镇江市中西医结合医院神经内科院内感染患者132例临床资料,采取患者分泌物、便、痰、血等样品进行标本制作,对其进行病原学检查与药敏试验。以标本中获取的菌株进行细菌分离、菌种鉴定及药敏试验。观察该科室医院感染常见致病菌及其耐药性情况。结果所选132例患者标本中,感染部位主要累及呼吸道、泌尿道、胃肠道及其他部位,呼吸道感染占首位;132例患者标本共检出132株病原菌,其中革兰阳性菌40株,占比30.30%;革兰阴性菌82株,占比62.12%;真菌10株,占比7.58%。常见革兰阳性球菌中,金黄色葡萄球菌、肠球菌均对红霉素、青霉素、克林霉素耐药率较高;常见革兰阴性杆菌中,铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林、氨曲南、复方新诺明耐药率较高,肺炎克雷伯杆菌对哌拉西林、氨曲南、氨苄西林耐药率较高;常见真菌白色假丝酵母菌中,对特比萘芬、制霉菌素、伊曲康唑耐药率较高。结论神经内科医院感染菌株以耐药菌株为主,可指导临床用药,短期治疗选用敏感药物,降低习惯性用药,有助于减少抗菌药的滥用、耐药菌株的产生。
Objective To analyze the common pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance in nosocomial infection in the department of neurology.Methods The clinical data of 132 patients with nosocomial infection in the Department of Neurology in Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were analyzed retrospectively.The samples of patients'secretions,feces,sputum and blood were taken for specimen preparation,and the etiological examination and drug sensitivity test were carried out.Bacterial isolation,strain identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out with strains obtained from specimens.The common pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance in nosocomial infection in the department were observed.Results In the 132 selected patients,the infection site mainly involved respiratory tract,urinary tract,gastrointestinal tract and other parts,and respiratory tract infection was the first.In the specimens of 132 patients,132 strains of pathogenic bacteria were totally detected,of which 40 strains were Gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 30.30%.There were 82 strains of Gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 62.12%.There were 10 strains of fungi,accounting for 7.58%.In the common Gram-positive cocci,Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus had higher drug resistance rates to erythromycin,penicillin and clindamycin.In the common Gram-negative bacilli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa had higher resistance rates to ampicillin,aztreonam and compound sulfamethoxazole,and Klebsiella pneumoniae had higher resistance rates to piperacillin,aztreonam and ampicillin.In the common fungi Candida albicans,it had higher resistance rates to terbinafine,nystatin and itraconazole.Conclusion In the department of neurology,the nosocomial infection strains are mainly drug-resistant strains,which can be used to guide clinical medication.Short term treatment of sensitive drugs and reduction of the habitual medication are conducive to decreasing the abuse of antibiotics and the production of the drug-resistant strains.
作者
印夏微
YIN Xiawei(Department of Infection and Disease Control,Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Jiangsu,Zhenjiang 212034,China)
出处
《中国医药科学》
2021年第17期159-162,共4页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
关键词
神经内科
医院感染
致病菌
耐药性
红霉素
青霉素
Department of neurology
Nosocomial infection
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance
Erythromycin
Penicillin