毛竹叶片性状及其异速增长关系的海拔梯度效应

Altitude on Effect of Leaf Characters and Allometric Scaling of Phyllostachys edulis

毛竹是优良的笋材两用竹种,为揭示海拔对毛竹叶片性状及其异速增长关系的影响,为毛竹林高效经营提供理论参考,以经营水平基本一致的3个海拔[低海拔(230±10)m、中海拔(570±10)m和高海拔(870±10)m]毛竹林为研究对象,测定分析了1-3度立竹叶片主要性状及其异速增长关系。结果表明:毛竹叶片长、宽、面积、厚度、干重随立竹年龄增加或随海拔升高均呈升高趋势。随立竹年龄增加,同一海拔毛竹林立竹比叶面积呈降低趋势,而高海拔叶宽和叶面积的AF值均呈先升高后降低趋势;随海拔升高,立竹比叶面积呈降低趋势,其中低海拔2、3度立竹比叶面积显著高于中、高海拔;2度立竹叶宽AF值呈升高趋势,低、高海拔间差异显著;3度立竹叶面积AF值呈先降低后升高趋势,中海拔显著低于低、高海拔。不同海拔毛竹叶长、叶宽、叶面积间均呈异速增长关系,随海拔升高,叶长-叶面积的斜率呈先降低后升高的趋势,且不同海拔间差异显著;叶宽-叶面积和叶宽-叶长均存在共同斜率,其截距随海拔升高总体上均呈升高趋势。研究表明:海拔对毛竹叶片性状及其异速增长关系有明显影响,随海拔升高,毛竹叶片呈现变大、变厚的趋势,且叶长对海拔变化响应敏感,但叶片长宽比变化不大,叶片形态相对稳定。中海拔毛竹林具有相对较大的叶长、叶宽、叶面积和比叶面积,体现了较高的生产潜力,是试验区毛竹林培育的适宜海拔。

Phyllostachys edulis is an excellent bamboo species for shoot and timber production.In order to reveal the effect of altitude on the leaf characters and allometric scaling of Ph.edulis,and to provide a theoretical reference for efficient management of bamboo forests,the main leaf characters and allometric scaling of 1-3 age-class Ph.edulis leaves at three elevations,i.e.,low altitude(230±10)m,middle altitude(570±10)m and high altitude(870±10)m,were measured and analyzed.The results showed that the leaf length,width,area,thickness and dry weight of Ph.edulis increased with the increase of age or altitude.With the increase of bamboo age,the specific leaf area decreased at the same altitude,while the A F values of leaf width and leaf area at high altitude increased at first and then decreased.The specific leaf area decreased with the increase of altitude,in which the specific leaf area of 2-3 age-class bamboos at low altitude was significantly higher than that at middle and high altitude,the leaf width A F of 2 age-class standing bamboo increased significantly,and the difference between low and high elevations was significant.The leaf area A F of 3 age-class standing bamboo decreased at first and then increased,and at the middle altitude it was significantly lower than that at the low and high elevations.There was an allometric scaling among leaf length,leaf width and leaf area at different altitude.With the increase of altitude,the slope of leaf length-leaf area decreased at first and then increased,and there were significant differences among different elevations.Leaf width-leaf area and leaf width-leaf length have a common slope,and their intercept generally increased with the increase of altitude.The results showed that altitude had a significant effect on the leaf characters and allometric scaling relationship of Ph.edulis.With the increase of altitude,the leaf showed a trend of enlargement and thickening,and the leaf length was sensitive to the change of altitude,but the ratio of leaf length to width changed little,and the leaf morphology was relatively stable.At middle altitude,Ph.edulis forest had relatively large leaf length,leaf width and leaf area,as well as relatively high production potential,so it is a suitable altitude for Ph.edulis forest cultivation.