右美托咪定心血管效应的机制

Mechanism of cardiovascular effects of dexmedetomidine

右美托咪定是一种高选择性α2肾上腺素受体和咪唑啉受体激动药,具有良好的抗焦虑、镇静、镇痛作用,但其会引起心血管效应,包括短暂性高血压、低血压和窦性心动过缓等。右美托咪定心血管效应的机制目前存在两种学说:α2肾上腺素受体学说和I_(1)咪唑啉受体学说。心血管效应可能是右美托咪定激动血管平滑肌的α2肾上腺素受体和中枢α2肾上腺素受体、I_(1)咪唑啉受体的综合作用导致的。本文就右美托咪定引起心血管效应的机制做作一综述。

Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective drug ofα2 adrenoceptor and imidazoline receptor agonist,which has good anti anxiety,sedative and analgesic effects.However,dexmedetomidine can cause cardiovascular effects,including transient hypertension,hypotension and sinus bradycardia,etc.The mechanisms of these adverse reactions mainly include theα2 adrenergic receptor theory and the I_(1) imidazoline receptor theory.These cardiovascular effects may be due to the combined action of dexmedetomidine activating theα2 adrenergic receptor in vascular smooth muscle,the centralα2 adrenergic receptor,and the central I_(1) imidazoline receptor.This article reviews the mechanism of the cardiovascular effects of dexmedetomidine.