足月儿与早产儿局灶性脑白质损伤不同MRI序列扫描信号特征研究

Signal Characteristics of Different Punctate white Matter Lesions in MRI Sequence Scan between Term Infants and Preterm Infants

目的对比足月儿与早产儿局灶性脑白质损伤不同MRI序列扫描信号特征。方法收集本院2019年1月至2020年1月收治的局灶性脑白质损伤患儿112例,其中早产儿45例,足月儿67例,所有患儿均进行MRI检查,比较不同患儿脑白质损伤情况以及不同类型脑白质损伤患儿胼胝体影像学情况。结果足月儿胎周年龄、校正胎龄、头围、身长、出生体重均明显高于早产儿(P<0.05);早产儿脑白质出现簇状损伤情况(15.55%)明显低于足月儿(43.28%),线状损伤(17.77%)合并脑室及室管膜下出血(26.66%)高于足月儿(0、7.46%,P<0.05),但两组患儿在点状损伤、混合型损伤情况上比较无差异(P>0.05);54.54%簇、线状损伤患儿出现胼胝体压部高信号,点状损伤患儿仅发生10.16%(P<0.05),不同类型脑白质损伤患儿胼胝体膝部高信号比较未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论足月儿与早产儿局灶性脑白质损伤不同MRI序列扫描信号特征存在差异,簇、线状损伤对患儿周围脑白质及胼胝体压部会造成不良影响,早产儿多见线状损伤,足月儿则多为簇状。

Objective To compare the signal characteristics of different punctate white matter lesions in MRI sequence scans between term infants and preterm infants.Methods 112 children with punctate white matter lesions treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were collected,including 45 premature babies and 67term infants.All children underwent MRI examinations to compare punctate white matter lesions and the imaging of corpus callosum in patients with different types of punctate white matter lesions.Results The gestational age,adjusted gestational age,head circumference,length,and birth weight of term infants were significantly higher than those of preterm infants(P<0.05).The incidence of cluster injury in white matter(15.55%)in preterm infants was significantly lower than that in term infants(43.28%),and incidence of linear injury(17.77%)combined with ventricular and subventricular hemorrhage(26.66%)was higher than that in term infants.(0,7.46%,P<0.05).However,there was no difference in the incidence of point injury and mixed injury between the two groups(P>0.05).54.54%of children with cluster and linear injuries showed a high signal in the corpus callosum splenium,and only 10.16%children with point injury showed a high signal(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the knee-high signal of the corpus callosum in children with different types of white matter injury(P>0.05).Conclusion There are differences in the signal characteristics of different punctate white matter lesions in MRI sequence scans between term infants and preterm infants.Clustered and linear injuries can adversely affect the peripheral white matter and splenium of the corpus callosum in children.Linear injuries are more common in preterm infants and clustered injuries in term infants.