光交联水凝胶材料的研究与生物医学应用进展

Progress in Research and Biomedical Applications of Photocrosslinked Hydrogels

光交联制备水凝胶技术具有非物理接触以及时空精确可控等优势,在细胞3D培养/打印以及组织工程和再生医学领域具有广阔的应用前景.当前,光交联水凝胶的制备主要基于光引发自由基交联反应、光点击交联反应或光偶联交联反应.本文分别介绍了以上交联反应各自的技术发展史、应用现状以及相关的优势和技术瓶颈.还着重介绍了本课题组在光交联水凝胶领域开展的研究与转化工作,主要包括提出了利用光笼分子的光剪切释放活性基团触发偶联交联的非自由基光交联策略,即光偶联反应交联策略.该策略实现了光交联水凝胶的低毒、可控构筑,同时赋予了光交联水凝胶技术的原位组织黏附特性,为该技术的最终临床转化奠定了基础.

Photoinduced crosslinking polymerization(PCP)is a novel technology for the preparation of hydrogel.During PCP,the precursors polymerize in situ under ambient conditions,and the polymerization rate as well as the conversion of reactive groups can be remotely controlled by changing the position,wavelength,and intensity of the light source.Due to these characters,the hydrogel prepared via PCP has shown great potential for biomedical applications,such as 3D cell culture,tissue engineering,regenerative medicine,etc.The typical PCP types for hydrogel preparation include photoinduced free radical reactions,photoinduced click reactions,and photoinduced coupling reactions.This review explores the strengths and weaknesses of each PCP type and the biomedical applications of the hydrogels prepared via PCP.Moreover,this review also discusses the research progress of our group about the preparation of hydrogel via the photo activation of photocage to induce coupling reaction named as“photoinduced coupling reaction”.This technology exhibits the advantages of low toxicity and excellent controllability during crosslinking,and the prepared hydrogel shows strong adhesion to tissue,and thus is promising for the practical biomedical applications.