肠道微生物与猪只健康的研究进展

Progress in studies on intestinal microorganisms and swine health

随着禁抗令的实施,寻求可以替代抗生素,提高免疫力,防控疾病的方法层出不穷。而微生物的作用也得到了更多的关注,对机体肠道微生物的研究也越来越多。在猪的生命周期中,肠道微生物的定植与动态平衡对其生长发育影响重大。有益菌群的定植,可以有效发挥胃肠道黏膜屏障的保护作用,抵御外来有害菌的侵袭。健康稳定的肠道菌群可以促进营养物质的消化吸收,维持、改善肠道黏膜屏障的功能,提高免疫应答水平。肠道菌群的核心组成在不同环境、不同营养水平和不同发育时期会有显著的差异。有益菌可以更加健康、绿色、高效地提高生产水平,通过在日粮中添加适当比例的益生菌制剂,有助于猪群健康的生长发育。总结了猪肠道微生物的形成、功能及其影响因素,为猪肠道微生物研究和养猪业健康发展提供参考。

With the implementation of anti-vaccination ban,the methods to seek alternatives to antibiotics,improve immunity and prevent and control diseases emerge in an endless stream.More and more attention has been paid to the role of microorganism in various aspects,and more and more research has been done on the organism intestinal microorganism.During the life cycle of pigs,the colonization and dynamic balance of intestinal microorganisms have a significant impact on their growth and development.The colonization of beneficial bacteria can effectively play the protective role of gastrointestinal mucosal barrier and resist the invasion of harmful bacteria.Healthy and stable intestinal flora can promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients,maintain and improve the function of intestinal mucosal barrier,and improve the level of immune response.The core composition of intestinal flora varies significantly under the influence of different environments,different nutritional levels and different developmental stages,and changes accordingly.The beneficial bacteria can improve the production level in a more healthy,green and efficient way.By adding appropriate proportion of probiotics in the diet,it is helpful for the healthy growth and development of pigs.In this paper,the formation,function and influencing factors of pig intestinal microorganism were summarized,which provided reference for the study of pig intestinal microorganism and the healthy development of pig industry.