基于多速度元胞自动机的海洋平台人员疏散

Evacuation from offshore platform based on multi-velocity cellular automata

为了研究海洋平台人员疏散过程,定量评估疏散方案的合理性,基于元胞自动机模型开发适用于海洋平台人员逃生疏散的仿真系统,提出在离散模型中精确考虑多种人员速度的方法.使用真实海洋平台疏散实验数据校核模型参数,并对比商业软件maritimeEXODUS的计算结果,验证仿真系统的可行性.从疏散时间和出口使用效率对无烟和有烟场景下的人员疏散结果进行对比和量化分析,并提出优化方案.结果表明:有烟环境不仅折减人员移动速度,延长疏散时间,更会影响人员的路径选择,导致疏散不平衡.

A cellular automaton-based system that is suitable for the evacuation from offshore platform was developed and a method to incorporate the variation of velocity in discrete model was proposed,in order to explore pedestrian evacuation dynamics on offshore platform and evaluate evacuation efficiency quantitatively.Model parameters were calibrated based on experiment results on real platform,and the feasibility of the simulation system was verified by comparing with maritimeEXODUS.Evacuation results in smoke-free and smoke scenarios on the platform were quantitatively analyzed and compared from evacuation time and exit efficiency,and an optimized evacuation plan was further proposed.Results show that the smoke environment not only reduces individual speed and extends evacuation time,but also affects personal route choice,inducing the imbalanced evacuation.