生态文明治理与“公用地悲剧”

Ecological Civilization Governance and“Tragedy of Commons”

生态文明治理现代化是国家治理现代化的重要组成部分。生态文明制度优势在转化为生态治理效能时存在一定的“滞后性”。政府出台条例规定原本是为了“公用地繁荣”,却因条例推行之初无形中的政策倾斜导致某种程度上的“公用地悲剧”。在环境保护政策推行过程中“公用地悲剧”有其形成机制,而政策倾斜则助推了“公用地悲剧”。在制定社会政策时,政府应跳出路径依赖,用选择性激励措施避免民众在政策推行之初陷入“集体行动困境”。

Modernization of ecological civilization governance is an important part of the modernization of national governance.The advantages of ecological civilization system are not seen immediately when they are transformed into the efficiency of ecological governance.The regulations issued by governments are initially aimed at“prosperity of communal land”but finally faced with“tragedy of communal land”due to invisible policy inclination.In the course of implementing environment-protection policies,there is some mechanism for such tragedies and policy inclination is a boost.This paper points out that when formulating social policies,it is necessary to jump out of path dependence and use selective incentives to prevent people from falling into the“collective action dilemma”at the beginning of policy implementation.