临床护士知觉压力、不确定性忍受力、带病工作与职业倦怠关系

Association among job burnout, tolerance to uncertainty and working with sickness in clinical nurses

目的探讨临床护士知觉压力、不确定性忍受力、带病工作与职业倦怠的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,以河南省、福建省10个地级市共1 159名临床护士为研究对象,采用《知觉压力量表》《简明无法忍受不确定性量表》《带病工作问卷》《职业倦怠量表》进行调查;采用Bootstrap检验分析知觉压力、不确定性忍受力、带病工作与职业倦怠得分间的关系。结果临床护士知觉压力得分为(31.4±4.8)分,知觉压力水平偏高802人(占69.2%);不确定性忍受力得分为(29.8±8.5)分,带病工作得分为(5.5±2.0)分;职业倦怠得分为(47.9±11.8)分,其中有职业倦怠者570人,检出率为49.2%。Bootstrap检验结果显示,知觉压力得分正向影响职业倦怠得分[标准化偏回归系数(β)=0.30,P<0.01],带病工作得分在知觉压力与职业倦怠得分间起调节作用(β=0.16,P<0.01),不确定性忍受力得分在知觉压力与职业倦怠得分间起中介作用(β=0.08,P<0.01),带病工作得分的调节作用通过不确定性忍受力得分的中介发挥作用。结论临床护士职业倦怠程度较为严重;知觉压力可直接或通过不确定性忍受力影响临床护士的职业倦怠,并受到带病工作协同作用。

Objective To explore the association among job burnout, tolerance to uncertainty and working with sickness in clinical nurses. Methods A total of 1 159 clinical nurses from 10 cities in Henan Province and Fujian Province were recruited by stratified cluster sampling method and tested by questionnaires including the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale-14, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12, the Sickness Presenteeism Questionnaire, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-general Survey. Bootstrap was used to analyze the association among perceived stress, tolerance to uncertainty, working with sickness and job burnout. Results Perceived stress score was(31.4±4.8), and 802(69.2%) of nurses had high perceived stress level. The score of tolerance to uncertainty was(29.8±8.5), and the score of working with sickness score was(5.5±2.0). The job burnout score was(47.9±11.8), and 570(49.2%) nurses had job burnout. Bootstrap test results showed that the perceived stress score positively affected job burnout score [standardized partial regression coefficient(β)=0.30, P<0.01]. Working with sickness score played a regulatory role between perceived stress and job burnout scores(β=0.16, P<0.01), and tolerance to uncertainty score played an intermediary role between perceived stress and job burnout scores(β=0.08, P<0.01). The regulating effect of working with sickness score played a role through the mediation of tolerance to uncertainty score. Conclusion Job burnout was very serious in clinical nurses. Perceived stress can directly or through tolerance to uncertainty affect the job burnout of clinical nurses and is synergistically affected by sickness presenteeism.