公交司机职业倦怠和攻击性驾驶行为中心理健康中介作用

Mediating effect of mental health on job burnout and aggressive driving behavior in bus drivers

目的探讨心理健康在公交司机职业倦怠和攻击性驾驶行为中的中介作用。方法采用方便抽样法,以某市某公交总公司447名公交司机为研究对象,采用《Maslach职业倦怠问卷》《症状自评量表》《攻击性驾驶行为问卷》对其职业倦怠、心理健康和攻击性驾驶行为情况进行问卷调查。结果公交司机的攻击性驾驶行为与职业倦怠的情感衰竭、去人格化、个人成就感维度得分和心理健康总分均呈正相关[Spearman相关系数(rS)分别为0.23、0.27、0.15、0.34,P值均<0.01]。心理健康总分与情感衰竭和去人格化维度得分均呈正相关(rS值分别为0.46、0.47,P值均<0.01),与个人成就感维度得分不相关(rS=-0.04,P>0.05)。情感衰竭可通过心理健康影响攻击性驾驶行为,标准化中介效应值为0.16,占总效应的72.7%;去人格化可通过心理健康影响攻击性驾驶行为,标准化中介效应值为0.17,占总效应的70.8%。结论心理健康在公交司机的情感衰竭、去人格化和攻击性驾驶行为之间均起完全中介作用。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of mental health on job burnout and aggressive driving behavior in bus drivers. Methods A total of 447 bus drivers was selected as study subjects using a convenience sampling method. The status of job burnout, mental health and aggressive driving behaviors were investigated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, Symptom Check List 90, and the Aggressive Driving Questionnaire. Results The score of aggressive driving behaviors of bus drivers were positively correlated with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment dimension score and mental health total score[Spearman correlation coefficient(rS)=0.23, 0.27, 0.15, 0.34, all P<0.01]. The mental health total score was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions scores(rS=0.46, 0.47, all P<0.01), and not correlated with personal accomplishment dimension score(rS=-0.04, P>0.05). Emotional exhaustion can affect aggressive driving behaviors through mental health, and the standardized mediating value was 0.16, accounting for 72.7% of the total effect. Depersonalization can influence aggressive driving behaviors through mental health, and the standardized mediating value was 0.17, accounting for 70.8% of the total effect. Conclusion Mental health plays a mediating role in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and aggressive driving behavior of bus drivers.