胆道恶性肿瘤免疫治疗进展

Immunotherapy of biliary tract cancer:perspectives and issues

胆道恶性肿瘤发病率逐年升高,其异质性高,早期诊断困难,一经确诊多为晚期。晚期胆道肿瘤病人临床治疗手段有限,预后差。以吉西他滨或氟脲类为基础的药物化疗是该类病人的基础化疗方案,国内外尚无针对胆道肿瘤标准的一、二线治疗方案的结论。近年来精准治疗和免疫治疗在多种恶性实体肿瘤中取得了很大的突破,在晚期胆道肿瘤中也显示了初步的疗效及较好的安全性,为晚期胆道肿瘤的治疗带来了新的希望。

The incidence of biliary malignant tumors is increasing year by year,and the heterogeneity is high,early diagnosis is difficult and usually diagnosed at an advanced stage.Patients with advanced biliary tract cancers have limited clinical treatment options and poor prognosis.Drug chemotherapy based on gemcitabine or fluorourea is the basic chemotherapy regimen for this type of patients.There is still no standard first-line and second-line treatment for biliary tract tumors at home and abroad.In recent years,precision therapy and immunotherapy have made great breakthroughs in a variety of malignant solid tumors.It has also shown preliminary efficacy and better safety in advanced biliary tract cancers,which brings new sight for the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancers.