乡村产业振兴中的劳动者技能形成——以费达生的蚕丝业改革为例

Worker’s Skill Formation in the Rural Revitalization:An Example of Silk Industry Reforms by Fei Dasheng

产业兴旺是乡村振兴的重要基础和首要任务。随着农村一二三产业的融合发展,新产业新业态大量涌现,劳动者的技能短缺问题日益成为影响产业发展前景与乡村振兴全局的重要问题。本文回到费达生女士在20世纪20-40年代成功开展的蚕丝业改革,从有益于农民、适应地方自然条件和传统经济、女性友好等角度来理解和分析她在发展乡土工业方面所关心的基础问题。结合费达生蚕丝业改革的历史经验,本文尝试提出在现代中国乡村产业中促进劳动者技能形成的要素与机制,探讨劳动者技能形成对乡村产业振兴的必要性与可行性。

Thriving businesses is the important basis and main task of rural revitalization. Alongside the integrated development of the primary,secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas,new industries and new business forms have been emerging constantly,and the shortage of skilled labour has become a major issue affecting the prospects of future industrial growth and overall rural revitalization. This article returns to Fei Dasheng’s reforms in silk industry in the 1920 s-1940 s,which aimed to be beneficial to peasants,women-friendly and in accordance with local natural conditions and traditional industry,to understand her concerns with the fundamental issues in developing rural industry. With reference to Fei’s experience in reforms of silk industry,this article identifies the main factors and mechanisms which have effect on worker’s skill formation in Chinese rural industries,and proposes the necessity and feasibility of workers’ skill formation for rural industries’ revitalization.