贵州省铜仁市2007-2019年麻风病新发现病例2级畸残影响因素分析

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Grade 2 Disability of Newly Diagnosed Leprosy Cases in Tongren City,Guizhou Province,2007-2019

目的分析贵州省铜仁市2007-2019年新发现麻风患者畸残情况及影响因素,为制定预防畸残措施提供科学依据。方法收集铜仁市2007-2019年新发现麻风患者资料,对发生畸残的病例进行单因素分析,将有统计学意义的变量进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果铜仁市2007-2019新发现麻风患者133例,其中2级畸残29例,发生率为21.80%(29/133),单因素分析结果显示,性别、年龄、传染来源、延迟期以及细菌密度指数等因素与麻风2级畸残有关,多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,2级畸残的影响因素包括家庭外传染(OR=5.076)、延迟期>1年(OR=9.006)和细菌密度指数>3(OR=9.941)。结论导致麻风患者发生2级畸残的主要因素有家庭外传播、延迟期>1年和细菌密度指数>3,各级医疗机构应加大对疑似麻风病例的筛查力度,早期发现麻风患者并及时进行规范联合化疗,积极处理麻风反应,降低畸残现象的发生。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of deformity and disability of new leprosy patients in Tongren City,Guizhou Province from 2007 to 2019,and to establish the scientific basis on developing disability prevention measures.Methods The data of new leprosy patients in Tongren City from 2007 to 2019 were collected,and univariate analysis on the case disability was performed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the statistically significant variables.Results From 2007 to 2019,there were 133 new cases of leprosy occurred in Tongren City,including 29 cases of grade 2 disability,with an incidence of 21.80%(29/133).Univariate analysis revealed that gender,age,source of infection,delay period and bacterial density index were related to grade 2 disability in leprosy.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the influencing factors of grade 2 disability included non-family member infection(OR=5.076),delay period>1 year(OR=9.006)and bacterial density index>3(OR=9.941).Conclusion The main factors of grade 2 disability for leprosy patients are non-family member transmission,delay period>1 year and bacterial density index>3.Medical institutions at all levels should strengthen the screening of suspected leprosy cases.Early detection of leprosy patients,timely standardized combined chemotherapy and active leprosy reaction treatment can reduce the occurrence of disability.