康德自我概念中的循环问题——一种表象主义批判的视角

Circulation Problem of Kantian Concept of Self:From the Perspective of Critique of Representationalism

康德通过对休谟和笛卡尔关于自我问题的诊断,发现自我只能作为毫无内容的先验主体,对自我的追问无法通过直接认识,只能诉诸回溯性的反思模式。但是对自我的反思出现了循环论的问题,对自我的反思事先预设了对自我的认识。本文通过对康德表象主义立场的分析,发现自我循环的问题不可避免,只有否定表象主义路线才有可能解决。通过对康德之后的反表象主义路径的分析,发现只有恢复行动的本原地位才能解决康德自我概念中的问题。

Kant found the content of transcendental subject is nothing after his diagnosis of the self-problem of Hume and Descartes,and the inquiry of the self cannot be realized through immediate cognization,except for the retrospective mode of reflection.However,a problem of the circular theory occurs in self-reflection,which presupposes self-knowing.Through the analysis of Kantian standpoint of representationalism,this paper finds that the problem of self-circulation is inevitable and can be solved only by antirepresentationalism.After the illustration of post-Kantian antirepresentationalism,this paper holds that only by restoring the original status of action can the problems of Kantian concept of self be solved.