bp公司战略与组织变革及其启示

The strategic and organizational change of bp and its enlightenments

聚焦bp公司近10年来的三次重大战略调整,分析其战略调整与转型的背景,新战略的重点方向和领域,以及配合战略转型而发生的组织结构调整。尤其是2020年最新的战略转型步伐最大,通过这次战略调整,bp将从由资源生产驱动的公司转变为一家专注于为客户提供能源解决方案的公司。为配合此次战略调整,bp大幅调整了其组织结构,其中最大的变化是首次将上下游业务板块整合到同一个业务板块,由此也体现了bp缩减石油产量,发展低碳能源,实现净零碳排放的决心。对中国石油公司的启示:一是通过组织优化调整,整合相关业务和职能部门,提升跨部门协调能力,提升综合一体化能力,促进集团实现价值最大化;二是践行低碳和绿色发展战略,设立低碳和替代能源业务部门,推进低碳化发展进程;三是提出数字化发展战略和相关计划,设立负责数字化转型和发展的相关部门,加快数字化转型,促进创新要素向企业集聚。

This paper focuses on bp’s three major strategic adjustments in the past 10 years,analyzes the background of the adjustments and transformations,key directions of new strategies,and the organizational change under the strategic transformations.Through this strategic adjustment in 2020,bp will transit from a company driven by resource production to a company focusing on providing energy solutions for customers.In order to cope with this strategic adjustment,bp adjusted its organizational structure.The biggest change was that bp integrated the upstream and downstream business segments into the same business segment for the first time in history,which also reflected bp’s determination to reduce oil production,develop lowcarbon energy,and achieve net zero emissions.The enlightenments for China’s oil companies are as follows.Firstly,organizational optimization and adjustment,integrating businesses and functional departments will improve cross-departmental coordination and comprehensive integration ability,and promote maximization of the whole group’s value.Secondly,implementing low-carbon and green development strategy and establishing low-carbon and alternative energy business sector could promote low-carbon development process.Thirdly,putting forward digital development strategies and related plans,establishing relevant departments responsible for digital transformation and development would accelerate digital transformation and promote the agglomeration of innovative elements to enterprises.