曹禺戏剧比较研究概述---《曹禺比较研究》导言曹禺戏剧比较研究概述

An Overview of Comparative Research on Cao Yu’s Plays--An Introduction on Comparative Study of Cao Yu

曹禺的戏剧创作深受欧美戏剧特别是古希腊戏剧及莎士比亚、易卜生、契诃夫、奥尼尔等作家的影响。受学术视野和历史语境的影响,我国文学批评界关于曹禺戏剧的比较研究呈现出较为明显的阶段性特征:20世纪三四十年代的曹禺比较研究以感悟式的短篇评论居多,但系统性的、学理式的探究稍显不够;20世纪50年代至70年代末,曹禺戏剧的比较研究成果主要以刘绍铭的《曹禺论》为代表;20世纪八九十年代,学术界在以比较文学的视角观照曹禺戏剧时,既更为客观地认可其所受欧美戏剧的多方面影响,又多方位发掘其独特的个人风格和鲜明的民族特性,从而更深入地探讨了曹禺在中国现代剧坛的独特价值与意义;21世纪以来,曹禺戏剧的比较研究获得了新的学术生长,在跨学科研究、阐发研究、流传学研究等方面均有拓展,呈现出多元开放、纵深发展的趋向。

Cao Yu’s play creation is deeply influenced by European and American plays,especially ancient Greek plays,Shakespeare,Ibsen,Chekhov,O’Neill and so on.Affected by academic vision and historical context,comparative studies on Cao Yu’s plays in China’s literary criticism have shown obvious periodical characteristics:Cao Yu’s comparative studies in the 1930s and 1940s were mostly sentimental short reviews,but systematic and academic inquiry was slightly inadequate;from the 1950s to the late 1970s,Cao Yu’s comparative research was mainly based on Liu Shaoming’s Cao Yu Lun as the representative;in the 1980s and 1990s,when Cao Yu’s plays were viewed from the perspective of comparative literature,the academic circles not only recognized the influences of European and American plays,but also explored his unique personal style and distinctive national characteristics in many aspects,so as to explore the unique value and significance of Cao Yu in modern Chinese drama;since the new century,the comparative study of Cao Yu’s plays has gained new academic growth,expanded in interdisciplinary research,elucidation studies,circulation studies and other aspects,showing a trend of multiple,open and in-depth development.