不同NFC/NDF饲粮对高原型藏羊肌肉营养成分、氨基酸及脂肪酸含量的影响

Effects of different NFC/NDF diets on nutritional components,amino acids and fatty acid contents of plateau type Tibetan sheep

旨在研究不同非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)/中性洗涤纤维(NDF)饲粮对藏羊肉中营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量的影响。采用单因素随机设计,以高原型藏羊为研究对象,将30只体质量为(26.38±0.43)kg健康的藏羔羊,按性别分为3个公羊组和3个母羊组,每组5只,分别饲喂NFC/NDF为2.20(精粗比为70∶30)、1.39(精粗比为50∶50)和0.92(精粗比为30∶70)的试验饲粮。预试期为15 d,正试期为90 d。试验结束后,每组选取3只试验羊进行屠宰,采集第12~13肋骨间背最长肌,测定其营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量。结果显示,在营养成分方面,饲粮精粗比对羔羊肉中水分(moisture)与粗蛋白(CP)含量无显著影响(P>0.05),但对粗脂肪(EE)与粗灰分(ash)影响显著(P<0.05);在氨基酸组成和含量方面,饲粮精粗比对羔羊肉中氨基酸种类、氨基酸总量(TAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)以及非必需氨基酸(NEAA)含量无显著影响(P>0.05);在脂肪酸组成和含量方面,饲粮精粗比对羔羊肉中脂肪酸种类、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)无显著影响(P>0.05),但对饱和脂肪酸(SFA)与单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量影响显著(P<0.05)。说明不同NFC/NDF饲粮能够影响藏羊肌肉中营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量,其中公羊饲粮适宜的NFC/NDF为1.39,母羊NFC/NDF则为0.92。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different non-fibrous carbohydrate(NFC)/Neutral detergent fiber(NDF)diets on the contents of nutrients,amino acids and fatty acids in Tibetan mutton.A single factor random design was adopted.Thirty Tibetan lambs with the body weight of(26.38±0.43)kg were randomly divided into 3 ram groups and 3 ewes groups according to gender,with 5 lambs in each group.Broilers were fed experimental diets with NFC/NDF of 2.20(concentrate to forage ratio 70∶30),1.39(concentrate to forage ratio 50∶50)and 0.92(concentrate to forage ratio 30∶70),respectively.The pre-experiment lasted for 15 days,and the experimental period lasted for 90 days.At the end of the experiment,3 sheep in each group were slaughtered,and the 12 th to 13 th interrib longissimus dorsi muscle was collected to determine its nutritional composition,amino acid and fatty acid contents.The results showed that:In terms of nutrient composition,dietary concentrate to forage ratio had no significant effects on Moisture and Crude protein(CP)contents of lambs(P>0.05),but had significant effects on Ether extract(EE)and Ash(P<0.05);In terms of amino acid composition and content,dietary concentrate to forage ratio had no significant effects on amino acid type,total amino acid(TAA),essential amino acid(EAA)and non-essential amino acid(NEAA)contents of lambs(P>0.05);In terms of fatty acid composition and content,dietary concentrate to forage ratio had no significant effects on the types of fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)(P>0.05),but had significant effects on the contents of saturated fatty acids(SFA)and monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA)(P<0.05).Different NFC/NDF diets have effects on the contents of nutrients,amino acids and fatty acids in Tibetan mutton,among which the appropriate NFC/NDF for RAMS and ewes is 1.39 and0.92 respectively.