论罚金刑的立法修正:动因、风险与走向

On the Legislative Amendment of Fine Penalty:Motivation,Risk and Trend

基于加大打击经济犯罪和药品犯罪力度的需要,《刑法修正案(十一)》将生产、销售、提供劣药罪,欺诈发行证券罪,违规披露、不披露重要信息罪,非法吸收公众存款罪,以及洗钱罪和集资诈骗罪的罚金刑全部修改为无限额罚金制。这一修改虽有现实合理性,但其修改模式也存在一些问题。无限额罚金制存在种种弊端,不宜扩大适用。应依据《量刑指导意见》对无限额罚金的具体适用进行规范,明确罚金数额的确定根据,减少无限额罚金的随意性和不确定性,以确保判决的合理性,并解决罚金刑的执行难问题。

Because of the society for prevention of economic crime and drugs crime with strong demand,in the"Criminal Law Amendment(11)",the penalty of crime of producing,selling or providing substandard drugs,crime of fraudulent issuance of securities,illegal disclosure or failure to disclose material information,crime of illegally absorbing public deposits,money laundering,crime of fund-raising fraud is modified into the unlimited fine penalty.This kind of amendment has its practical rationality.However,this amendment mode violates the principle of legality and the principle of proportion,intensifying the heavy penal structure of criminal law,and does not meet the basic requirements of criminal policy.The problems of the unlimited fine system determine that this mode of amendment should not be extended to other crimes in future legislation.For the legislation has become a fact,in the process of applying in the future,we should draw lessons from the thinking of the sentencing guidelines for specific specification of unlimited fine,clear determination according to the amount of the fine,reduce the randomness and uncertainty of unlimited fine,in order to ensure the rationality of the decision,and solve the difficulties in the execution of fine punishment.