渭河平原露天矿山生态修复面临问题与思考

Problems and Thinking of Eco-Restoration of Open-Pit Mines in Weihe Plain

渭河平原是西北干旱、半干旱地区的典型代表,渭河平原露天矿山高强度开采导致了一系列生态环境问题。文章指出渭河平原露天矿山生态修复面临的高强度开发将长期持续,渭河平原南北生态环境迥异,水胁迫是生态修复瓶颈,缺乏系统性、整体性布局,缺乏生态系统内在机理把握等问题和挑战。针对问题,提出"超前规划、源头减损,因水而定、量水而行,产业导入、系统治理,师法自然、顺应自然,聚合力量、协同创新"的解决思路,并对陕西省乾县五峰山地区矿山生态修复成果进行了分析。

The Weihe Plain is a typical representative of arid and semi-arid areas in the northwest,the high-intensity mining of open-pit mine in Weihe Plain has caused a series of ecological and environmental problems.The article points out the problems and challenges faced by the eco-restoration of open-pit mine in Weihe Plain,which includes the high-intensity development will continue for a long time,the eco-environment of the north and south in Weihe Plain is very different,water stress is the bottleneck of eco-restoration,lack of systematic and integrated layout,lack of understanding of the internal mechanism of the ecosystem,etc.In response to the problems,this article proposes the solution ideas of"advanced planning,source loss reduction,water-dependent,water-based,industrial introduction,system governance,learning from nature,conforming to nature,pooling strength,and collaborative innovation",finally,this article analyzes the results of eco-restoration of the mine in Wufengshan area,Qianxian County,Shaanxi Province.