印人党强势崛起背景下印度总统权力对执政党的意义

Indian Presidential Power and Its Significance to the Ruling Party under the Background of the Strong Rise of the BJP

印度宪法对总统权力的规定广泛而模糊,总统拥有立法权、行政权及咨询权,也有相当的自主空间。在印度政治发展史上,总统多次在总理——议会体系不能正常运转时启用权力,推动国家政治生活回到正轨,也多次在宪法边界内寻求扩展权力边界,在模糊的宪法规定框架下寻求建立清晰而可操作、可延续的政治惯例,以更有效地行使总统权力。印度政治发展史上不乏强势执政党利用总统权力实现政治目标的例证。在印度人民党强势崛起的背景下,总统权力不太可能对执政党直接形成制约,但执政党已经开始利用总统权力在宪法框架内实现自身的政治诉求。

The Indian Constitution has broad and vague provisions on the powers of the president.The president has legislative power,executive power,and advisory power,as well as considerable space for autonomy.In the history of political development in India,the president has repeatedly used power when the prime minister-parliamentary system is not functioning properly to push the country s political life back on track.He has also repeatedly sought to expand the power within the constitutional boundary and to establish clear,operable,and sustainable political conventions to exercise presidential powers more effectively.In the history of Indian political development,there are many examples of powerful ruling parties using the power of the president to achieve political goals.In the context of the strong rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party,the power of the president is unlikely to directly restrict the ruling party,but the ruling party has begun to use the power of the president to realize its political aspirations within the constitutional framework.