废弃钻井液微生物无害化处理技术研究进展

Application Progress and Prospect of Microorganism in Drilling Waste Treatment

废弃钻井泥浆具有高毒性和难降解性,是石油勘探开发过程中的主要污染物之一。微生物治理技术作为一种处理含油气钻井泥浆废弃物的有效方法,具有治理效果彻底、无二次污染等优点,受到了国内外学者的广泛关注.为深入贯彻落实绿色勘探理念,推进废弃钻井泥浆无害化处理,对近年来微生物治理废弃钻井泥浆的相关研究进行了整理,阐述了微生物对重金属的作用机制及其在国内外研究的新成果,介绍了微生物对石油类污染物的治理能力,并对高盐环境下嗜盐微生物治理废弃泥浆的研究进展做了简要介绍,最后对该领域的未来发展方向进行了展望,以期为废弃钻井泥浆的处理提供可行性的思路.

Waste drilling mud is one of the main pollutants in the process of petroleum exploration and development,which is highly toxic and difficult to degrade.As an effective method to treat oil and gas drilling mud waste,microbial treatment technology has the advantages of complete treatment effect and no secondary pollution,which has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad.In order to carry out the concept of green exploration and promote the harmless treatment of waste drilling mud,this paper summarizes the research on microbial treatment of waste drilling mud in recent years,expounds the action mechanism of microorganisms on heavy metals and its new research achievements at home and abroad,introduces the treatment ability of microorganisms on petroleum pollutants,and discusses the treatment of halophilic microorganisms in high salinity environment This paper briefly introduces the research progress of waste drilling mud,and finally prospects the future development direction of this field,in order to provide feasible ideas for the treatment of waste drilling mud.