高分辨率三维成像激光雷达的应用

Application of High-Resolution Three-Dimensional Imaging Lidar

激光雷达可以准确、快速获取目标的三维(3D)空间信息,是一种常用的高分辨率成像技术。结合高频脉冲激光器、条纹相机以及信号处理技术,设计了一套激光雷达3D成像系统。其中,脉冲激光具有高峰值功率的特点,可以有效探测远距离目标物。相比高频微波调制的激光脉冲,结合脉冲压缩和法布里-珀罗腔振荡可以获得高能量的激光脉冲。条纹相机是一种具有快速微弱光探测能力的高速相机,可对远距离目标进行探测。采用均值滤波和邻域均值滤波方式抑制条纹相机的背景噪声,采用带通滤波和匹配滤波抑制低频噪声、提高信噪比,根据噪声的强度分布,用阈值滤波滤除剩余噪声,最终获得高精度的3D目标图像。在空气、烟雾中的3D目标成像实验结果表明,本系统具有较高的距离分辨率和目标细节捕捉能力。

Lidar can accurately and quickly obtain the three-dimensional(3D)spatial information of the target,which is a commonly used high-resolution imaging technology.Combined with high frequency pulse laser,streak camera and signal processing technology,a 3D imaging system of lidar is designed in this paper.Among them,the pulsed laser has the characteristics of high peak power,which can effectively detect long-distance targets.Compared with high frequency microwave modulated laser pulse,high energy laser pulses can be obtained by combining pulse compression and Fabry-Perot oscillation cavity.The streak camera is a kind of high-speed camera with the ability of fast weak light detection,which can detect long-distance targets.Mean filter and neighborhood mean filter are used to suppress the background noise of streak camera.Band pass filter and matched filter are used to suppress low-frequency noise and increase signal-to-noise ratio.According to the intensity distribution of noise,threshold filter is used to filter the residual noise,and finally high-precision 3D target image is obtained.The experimental results of 3D target imaging in air and smoke show that the system has high range resolution and strong ability to capture target details.