马克思论科技与文艺关系的“中间环节”路径

“Intermediate Link”Path for Marx’s Discussion on the Relationship Between Science and Technology,and Literature and Art

马克思探讨科技与文艺的关系,往往通过物质生产领域、社会领域、意识形态领域等诸多“中间环节”进行,关注科技与文艺两者间接的、潜在的关系,成为马克思科技与文艺思想的重要特点。具体就马克思生活的时代来说,自然科技深刻地改变了物质生产领域,特别是资本主义大工业生产,对它们产生了明显的推动和促进作用,进而对与之紧密相关的文学艺术产生重要影响。自然科技也从根本上推动了社会领域的发展和变革,进而引发与“特定社会发展形式”紧密结合在一起的文学艺术的明显变化。自然科技还对以想象和虚构方式解释世界的意识形态和它的重要表现形式之一——文学艺术——形成严重的削弱和冲击,同时在它的作用下也会有新形式的意识形态以及文学艺术产生。随着当今自然科技的快速发展,科技越来越多地越过诸多“中间环节”,开始直接地、显在地影响着文学艺术,并成为文艺学界关注的重要话题之一。

Marx’s discussion about the relationship between science and technology,and literature and art is often carried out through many intermediate links such as material production field,social field,and ideological field.He pays attention to their indirect and potential relationship,which becomes the important characteristics of his thought of science and technology,and literature and art.As far as the era of Marx was concerned,natural science and technology profoundly changed material production field,especially capitalistic mass industrial production,had an obvious promotion effect on the latter,and then greatly affected literature and art closely related to the latter.Fundamentally,natural science and technology also pushed forward the development and reform of social field,and then caused the obvious change of literature and art closely combined with specified social development form.Natural science and technology also severely weakened and shocked the ideology which explained the world by the way of imagination and fiction,and one of its important manifestation forms:literature and art.Meanwhile,new forms of ideology,and literature and art would appear under the action of natural science and technology.With the rapid development of up-to-date natural science and technology,they have increasingly surpassed many intermediate links,and have begun to exert the direct and obvious influence on literature and art,which has become one of the important topics of literature and art circles.