国内外戒烟门诊现状及推进国内戒烟服务发展的考量

Current status of domestic and foreign clinics of smoking cessation in considering development of related services at home

烟草危害是我国严重的公共卫生问题之一,戒烟干预治疗是降低烟草危害的重要组成部分之一。戒烟门诊是对吸烟者实施戒烟干预的有效途径。本文综述了国内外戒烟门诊的建设、发展与现状,分析国内外现有戒烟门诊的优缺点,就将来戒烟服务的发展提出如下思考,国家相关部门应给予戒烟门诊直接的财政支持,积极建立社区或乡镇戒烟服务咨询点,将戒烟服务纳入初级医疗保健体系中,优化转诊体系,提高戒烟门诊就诊率。医疗卫生部门可开展多元化的控烟宣传,提高群众对烟草知识和戒烟门诊的知晓率,积极推动"互联网+"移动戒烟服务建设,提高戒烟服务的覆盖率及延续性。医院领导需落实转诊制度,积极制定激励机制,调动医务人员的积极性,同时定期组织戒烟技能培训与考核,提高医务人员的戒烟技能。

Tobacco harm is one of the serious public health problems in our country,and smoking cessation intervention is an important part of reducing tobacco harm.Smoking cessation clinics are an effective way to implement smoking cessation interventions for smokers.This paper summarized the construction,development and current state of smoking cessation clinics at home and abroad,analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of existing smoking cessation clinics at home and abroad,and put forward the following thoughts on the development of smoking cessation services in the future.Relevant national departments should provide smoking cessation direct financial support from outpatient clinics,actively establish community or township smoking cessation service consultation points,and incorporate smoking cessation services into the primary medical care system,and increase the outpatient visit rate of smoking cessation.Medical and health departments can carry out diversified publicity on tobacco control,improve the public knowledge of tobacco and the awareness rate of smoking cessation clinics,actively promote the construction of"internet+"mobile smoking cessation services,and improve the coverage rate and continuity of smoking cessation services.Hospital leaders should implement the referral system,actively develop incentive mechanisms,mobilize the enthusiasm of medical staff,and organize regular training and assessment of smoking cessation skills to improve the smoking cessation skills of medical staff.