日粮添加壳聚糖对肉牛生长性能、养分消化及瘤胃发酵的影响

Effects of dietary chitosan supplementation on growth performance,nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation of beef cattle

文章旨在评估日粮添加不同水平壳聚糖对肉牛生长性能、养分消化及瘤胃发酵性能的影响。试验将平均体重一致的60头荷斯坦肉牛随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头。对照组肉牛饲喂基础日粮,处理1和2组肉牛分别饲喂基础日粮+100和200mg/kg壳聚糖,试验持续20周。结果:日粮添加不同水平的壳聚糖对肉牛体重、日增重、采食量和1~70d料重比的影响均无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,200mg/kg壳聚糖组料重比分别显著降低2.33%和2.22%(P<0.05)。100和200mg/kg壳聚糖组粗脂肪表观消化率较对照组分别显著提高5.79%和4.34%(P<0.05)。对照组氨氮浓度较200mg/kg壳聚糖组显著提高18.11%(P<0.05),但挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著降低20.10%(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,200mg/kg壳聚糖组血清总蛋白浓度显著提高11.24%(P<0.05),而100和200mg/kg壳聚糖组血清尿素氮浓度分别显著降低22.50%和22.21%(P<0.05)。结果:本研究结果发现日粮添加200mg/kg壳聚糖可以提高粗脂肪表观消化率、瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸及血清总蛋白浓度,进而改善肉牛生长后期的饲料效率。

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of chitosan supplementation on growth performance,nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation performance of beef cattle.Sixty Holstein beef cattle with the same average body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates per group and 4 cows per replicate.Beef cattle in control group were fed the basal diet,and those in treatment groups 1 and 2 were fed the basal diet+100 and 200 mg/kg chitosan,respectively.The experiment lasted for 20 weeks.Results:There were no significant differences in body weight,daily gain,feed intake and feed/gain at 1~70 days in beef cattle supplemented with different levels of chitosan(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the feed/gain in 200 mg/kg chitosan group was significantly decreased by 2.33%and 2.22%(P<0.05),respectively.Compared with the control group,the apparent digestibility of ether extract in 100 and 200 mg/kg chitosan groups was significantly increased by 5.79%and 4.34%(P<0.05),respectively.Compared with 200 mg/kg chitosan group,the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in control group was significantly increased by 18.11%(P<0.05),but the concentration of volatile fatty acids in control group was significantly decreased by 20.10%(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum total protein concentration in 200 mg/kg chitosan group was significantly increased by 11.24%(P<0.05),while the serum urea nitrogen concentration in 100 and 200 mg/kg chitosan groups was significantly decreased by 22.50%and 22.21%(P<0.05),respectively.Results:It was found that dietary supplemented with 200 mg/kg chitosan could increase the apparent digestibility of crude fat,rumen volatile fatty acids and serum total protein concentrations,and then improve the feed efficiency of beef cattle in later growth period.