苯甲酸对细菌性腹泻断奶仔猪生长性能及肠道健康的影响

Effects of benzoic acid on growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets infected with bacterial diarrhea

文章旨在评估日粮补充苯甲酸对感染细菌性腹泻断奶仔猪生长性能及肠道健康的影响。试验将21d断奶、平均体重为(6.31±0.12)kg的684头仔猪随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复38头。对照组饲喂基础日粮(未感染细菌性腹泻),感染组仔猪饲喂基础日粮,在断奶后7d接种大肠杆菌K88 10^(5)CFU/头,苯甲酸组饲喂基础日粮+5kg/t苯甲酸,在断奶后7d接种大肠杆菌K88 10^(5)CFU/头。结果 :对照组仔猪断奶后21d的体重、1~21d平均日增重显著高于感染组和苯甲酸组(P <0.05),同时,1~21d饲料报酬显著高于感染组(P <0.05)。对照组和苯甲酸组仔猪断奶后42d体重、22~42d和1~42d日增重、饲料报酬均显著高于感染组(P <0.05)。与感染组相比,对照组和苯甲酸组仔猪断奶后1~42d的腹泻率分别显著降低29.93%和17.70%(P <0.05)。甲酸组仔猪断奶后42d空肠pH较感染组显著降低7.48%(P <0.05),同时回肠pH较对照组和感染组分别显著降低6.09%和5.67%(P <0.05)。感染组十二指肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值、空肠隐窝深度显著低于对照组和苯甲酸组(P <0.05)。苯甲酸组回肠隐窝深度较感染组显著提高16.89%(P <0.05),而绒毛高度较对照组和感染组分别显著提高12.63%和13.92%(P <0.05)。结论 :在本试验条件下,日粮添加5g/kg苯甲酸可以降低细菌性腹泻对断奶仔猪生长性能的负面作用和腹泻率,同时可以降低回肠pH,改善回肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度。

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary benzoic acid supplementation on growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets infected with bacterial diarrhea.A total of 684 piglets weaned at 21 days with an average body weight of(6.31±0.12)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 38 piglets per replicate.Piglets in the control group were fed the basal diet(without bacterial diarrhea infection),piglets in the infected group were fed the basal diet and inoculated with 10^(5) CFU/head Escherichia coli K887 d after weaning,and piglets in the benzoic acid group were fed the basal diet+5 kg/T benzoic acid and inoculated with 10^(5) CFU/head Escherichia coli K887 d after weaning.Results:The body weight at 21 d after weaning and the average daily gain at 1~21 d in control group were significantly higher than those in infection group and benzoic acid group(P<0.05),and the feed return at 1~21 d was significantly higher than that in infection group(P<0.05).The body weight at 42 d after weaning,the daily gain at 22~42 d and 1~42 d in control group and benzoic acid groups and the feed return of piglets were significantly higher than those in infection group(P<0.05).Compared with infection group,diarrhea rate of piglets in control group and benzoic acid group was significantly decreased by 29.93%and 17.70%on d 1~42 after weaning,respectively(P<0.05).At 42 d after weaning,pH value of jejunum in formic acid group was significantly decreased by 7.48%compared with infection group(P<0.05),and pH value of ileum in formic acid group was significantly decreased by 6.09%and 5.67%compared with control group and infection group(P<0.05),respectively.The ratio of duodenal villus height to crypt depth and jejunal crypt depth in infection group were significantly lower than those in control group and benzoic acid group(P<0.05).Compared with infection group,ileum crypt depth in benzoic acid group was significantly increased by 16.89%(P<0.05),while villus height was significantly increased by 12.63%and 13.92%(P<0.05)compared with control group and infection group,respectively.Conclusions:Under the present experimental conditions,dietary supplementation of 5 g/kg benzoic acid can reduce the negative effects of bacterial diarrhea on growth performance and diarrhea rate of weaned piglets,reduce ileum pH value,and improve ileum villus height and crypt depth.