有机废弃物堆肥在桉树容器苗生产中的应用效果

Application of organic waste compost in Eucalyptus container seedlings

【目的】探索有机废弃物替代泥炭土的可行性,筛选适宜桉树容器苗生长的轻基质配方,为培育桉树优质苗木提供理论依据和参考。【方法】将餐厨垃圾、制糖滤泥、园林废弃物按照不同比例混合堆肥,充分发酵腐熟后与椰糠、谷壳、泥炭土按6种配比组合作为桉树育苗基质,研究桉树对不同基质配比的响应,并运用隶属函数法对不同基质进行了综合评价。【结果】不同配比基质对桉树苗高、地径、生物量和成活率的影响存在显著差异。添加了泥炭土和有机废弃物堆肥的基质育苗效果较好,其中A2(椰糠∶谷壳∶泥炭土∶滤泥+园林废弃物=7∶1∶1∶1)苗高、地径、生物量、成活率以及苗木生长速度表现出明显的优势,A4(椰糠∶谷壳∶泥炭土∶餐厨垃圾+滤泥+园林废弃物=7∶1∶1∶1)次之,二者均优于对照组。在所有处理中,苗木生长表现最不理想的是A5(椰糠∶谷壳∶餐厨垃圾+园林废弃物=7∶1∶2),但在此基础上添加一定比例泥炭土,如A6(椰糠∶谷壳∶泥炭土∶餐厨垃圾+园林废弃物=7∶1∶1∶1),苗木质量将有所改善。【结论】有机废弃物按照一定比例堆肥可代替泥炭土作为基质,在减少泥炭土使用量的同时获得较好的育苗效果。在本研究中的6种配比基质中,以A2(椰糠∶谷壳∶泥炭土∶滤泥+园林废弃物=7∶1∶1∶1)对桉树生长促进效果最好,该配比基质可作为桉树容器苗的培育基质。

【Objective】To explore the feasibility of replacing peat soil with organic waste and seek a suitable substrate formula for container-grown seedlings of Eucalyptus.The result will provide theoretical basis and guidance for the cultivation of high-quality seedlings of Eucalyptus.【Method】Compost mixed by kitchen waste,sugarcane press-mud and garden waste in different proportions was mixed with coco coir,chaff and peat at 6 formulas to find out the responds of Eucalyptus to different substrate formula.Subordinate function method was used to make a comprehensive evaluation of seedling quality.【Result】There were significant differences in seedling height,ground diameter,biomass and survival rate among different substrate composition.The substrate with peat and organic waste compost had a better effect of growing seedlings.A2(coco coir∶chaff∶peat∶sugarcane press-mud+garden waste=7∶1∶1∶1)showed obvious advantages in seedling height,ground diameter,biomass,survival rate and seedling growth rate,A4(coco coir∶chaff∶peat∶kitchen waste+sugarcane press-mud+garden waste=7∶1∶1∶1)secondly,both were better than the control(CK).Among all treatments,the worst seedling growth was in A5(coconut coir∶chaff∶kitchen waste+garden waste=7∶1∶2).However,the quality of seedlings could be improved if peat is added to this basis,such as A6(coconut coir∶chaff∶peat∶kitchen waste+garden waste=7∶1∶1∶1).【Conclusion】Organic waste composting can replace peat as a substrate,thereby reducing the amount of peat used and improving the quality of seedlings.Among the 6 substrate compositions in this study,A2(coconut chaff∶chaff∶peat soil∶filter mud+garden waste=7∶1∶1∶1∶1)had the best effect on the growth of container-grown seedlings of Eucalyptus.This substrate composition can be used as a cultivation substrate for Eucalyptus containerized seedlings.