后基因组时代诺如病毒的研究进展

Research progress of norovirus in post-genomic era

食源性疾病暴发通常是由食品中的微生物污染所引起。诺如病毒是引起急性胃肠炎的主要病原体之一,每年在世界范围内频繁暴发,威胁着人们的生命安全,增加人们的财富负担。由于诺如病毒易发生突变,各个行业尤其是食品行业的全球化发展迅速,致使诺如病毒的感染已成为严重的公共卫生问题。随着后基因组时代的到来和技术的成熟,诺如病毒的研究取得了新的进展。本文就诺如病毒的病毒学特征、感染后的临床症状、人体的免疫反应、诊断技术及现阶段使用基因组学技术的各项发展进行了讨论,以期为诺如病毒感染的研究和控制提供线索。

Foodborne disease outbreaks usually caused by microbial contamination in food.Norovirus is one of the main pathogens that cause acute gastroenteritis.It causes frequent outbreaks worldwide every year,threatening people’s lives and increasing the wealth burdens.Due to the frequent occurrence of norovirus mutations and the gradual acceleration of the globalization of various industries,especially the food industry,norovirus infection has become a serious public health problem.With the advent of the post-genome era and the development of technology,the research of norovirus has made new progress.This paper discussed the virological characteristics of norovirus,clinical symptoms after infection,human immune response,diagnostic technology and the development of genomics technology at present,in order to provide clues for the research and control of norovirus infection.