不同配比基质对白术幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of Different Compound Substrates on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Atractylodes macrocephala Seedlings

以白术幼苗为试材,采用盆栽试验法,研究壤土和椰糠配比分别为1∶0(T1处理)、2∶1(T2处理)、1∶1(T3处理)、1∶2(T4处理)和0∶1(T5处理)的混合基质对白术幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,筛选适宜白术幼苗生长的栽培基质,为白术幼苗高效优质繁育提供参考依据。结果表明:随着基质中壤土比例的增加,白术幼苗的叶长、叶宽、株高和鲜质量基本呈现先增加后下降的趋势。不同基质处理间白术幼苗叶长宽比差异不显著,随着培养时间的延长,叶长宽比呈现逐渐下降的趋势。不同基质处理对白术幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量无显著影响;但T2处理下白术幼苗叶片叶绿素a/b值显著高于其它基质处理。不同基质处理下白术幼苗的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白质(SP)和可溶性糖(SS)含量存在一定差异。T1处理的白术幼苗CAT和POD活性较大,MDA和SP含量较高,遭受的逆境胁迫较强。T3处理的白术幼苗CAT、POD和SOD活性较小,MDA、SP和SS含量较低,遭受的逆境胁迫较小。综合来看,壤土和椰糠混合基质的育苗效果明显优于纯壤土和纯椰糠基质,并以T3处理的混合基质育苗效果最佳,可用于白术种苗的高效繁育和工业化生产。

Taking Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings as materials.A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of mixed substrates with loam/coconut coir ratio of 1∶0(T1 treatment),2∶1(T2 treatment),1∶1(T3 treatment),1∶2(T4 treatment)and 0∶1(T5 treatment)on the morphological and physiological characteristics of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings,so as to screen suitable cultivation substrates and provide reference for efficient breeding of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings.The results showed that the leaf length,leaf width,plant height and fresh weight of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings firstly increased and then decreased with the increasing loam proportion in cultivation substrates.All the treatments had no significant effects on the leaf length-width ratio of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings while the leaf length/width ratio decreased with the increasing cultivation time.There was no significant difference in chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid content in leaves of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings between different treatments.The chlorophyll a/b ratio of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings under T2 treatment was significantly higher than those of other treatments.The activities of catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)as well as malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble protein(SP)and soluble sugar(SS)content of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings were different under different treatments.The activities of CAT and POD as well as the content of MDA and SP in Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings under T1 treatment were higher than other treatments,which means that the seedlings treated with T1 treatment were under more stress.The activities of CAT,POD and SOD as well as the content of MDA,SP and SS of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings treated with T3 were lower than other treatments,which means that the seedlings treated with T3 treatment were under less stress.Overall,the compound substrates of loam and coconut coir were obviously better than pure loam or coconut coir substrates,and the T3 treatment was the optimal cultivation substrate,which could be used for efficient cultivation and industrial production of Atractylodes macrocephala seedlings.