不同根腐病防控方法对四川省间作大豆农艺性状和产量影响

Effects of Different Root Rot Control Methods on Agronomic Characters and Yield of Intercropping Soybean in Sichuan

为了给四川省丘陵地区间作大豆根腐病防控提供科学依据,选用两种根腐病防控药剂对间作大豆进行处理,分析不同防治药剂、方式及时间对根腐病防控效果及植株农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明:所有药剂处理均能显著抑制根腐病的发病率,降低病情指数,其中噁霜·锰锌拌种效果最为明显,使发病率由78.7%下降至38.7%,病情指数降低0.106;随着防治时间的延迟植株的发病率呈上升趋势,相对防效逐渐下降,且药剂间的防效差异更为明显。拌种和3叶期喷施噁霜·锰锌能够增加植株节数、株高和茎粗,5叶期喷施药剂则无明显改善。药剂防治能够有效提升大豆有效荚数,降低无效荚数。与CK相比,百粒重在各处理下均显著增加,B1处理下大豆单株粒数和粒重显著增加,均以A2B1处理最高,分别增加32.08%、10.67%和28.99%;不同防治方式及时间处理下,百粒重差异显著,单株粒数B1显著高于B3,单株粒重间无显著差异。多菌灵拌种和3叶期喷施均能显著提高大豆产量,分别增产20.07%和11.65%;噁霜·锰锌处理下各时期防治产量均显著高于CK,增幅为9.29%~23.82%。

In order to provide a scientific reference for the prevention of soybean root rot in hilly area of Sichuan Province,Carbendazim and Oxadixyl Anchor were used to control root rot in maize-soybean relay strip intercropping.The control effect,agronomic traits and yield were investigated.It was found that incidence rate decreased significantly with different medicaments,methods and control times.The incidence rate decreased from 78.7%to 38.7%and disease index decreased 0.106,respectively with seed dressing of Oxadixyl Anchor.The incidence rate increased and relative control effect decreased with the delay of control time.The nod number,plant height and stem diameter all increased with seed dressing and spraying at 3-leaf stage with Oxadixyl Anchor.The valid pod increased and invalid pod decreased with different medicament.The 100-seed weight increased significantly under all treatments,seed number and weight per plant increased significantly in B1 treatment,and A2 B1 was the best treatment,increased by 32.08%,10.67%and 28.99%than CK respectively.With different control times,there was significant difference in 100-seed weight and no significant difference in seed weight per plant.The seed number per plant of B1 was significantly higher than that of B3.Seed dressing with Carbendazim and spraying at 3-leaf stage could significantly increase soybean yield by 20.07%and 11.65%respectively,and yield increased by 9.29%-23.82%with the treatment of Oxadixyl Anchor.