“双创”视角下“花儿”艺术的传承与发展

The Inheritance and Development of “Hua Er” art from the Perspective of “Creative Transformation and Innovative Development”

"花儿"是流行于甘肃、宁夏、青海、新疆四省区,由多个民族共创共享,使用汉语方言演唱的一种民间高腔山歌。"花儿"的产生与传承一方面与特殊的自然环境特征紧密相关,另一方面深受游牧和农耕两种文明的交往互动影响,在漫长的演变过程中形成了自身的独特风格。传统"花儿"多表达男女情感的悲怆,唱词中较多继承赋比兴的手法,演唱则多为个体即兴表演。新中国成立尤其是改革开放以来,民间"花儿"逐渐得到社会各界的认可与尊重,成为登上文艺舞台的一种艺术形式。新时期,"花儿"在适应经济社会发展中不断创新,发展了茶园"花儿"、"花儿"音乐剧和舞剧、当代"花儿"流行音乐等多种形式,呈现商业化、职业化、公共文化性和舞台表演性等新特征。传统文化的传承与发展有其自身的规律,作为文化建设的实践者,我们应该站在中华民族伟大复兴的高度,从马克思主义原理、文化治理和文化发展的自身逻辑出发,思考中华优秀文化"双创"的实践之路。

"Hua Er" is a kind of high pitched folk song popular in Gansu,Ningxia,Qinghai and Xinjiang four provinces,which created by many ethnic groups singing in some Chinese dialects. On one hand,the generation and inheritance of"Hua Er"is closely related to the characteristics of the special natural environment;on the other hand,it is deeply influenced by the interaction between nomadic and farming civilizations,and has formed its own unique style in the long process of evolution. The traditional"Hua Er"mostly expresses the pathos of men and women’s emotions,inherits the technique of Fu Bi Xing in the singing,and improvises in the singing. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,especially since the reform and opening up,"Hua Er"have gradually been recognized and respected by all walks of life and became an art form on the stage of literature and art. In the new era,"Hua Er"keeps innovating in adapting to the economic and social development,developing various forms such as"Tea Garden Hua Er",Musical and dance drama of"Hua Er",and contemporary pop music of"Hua Er",presenting new characteristics of commercialization,professionalism,public culture and stage performance. The inheritance and development of traditional culture has its own rules. As practitioners of cultural construction,we should stand on the height of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,and start from the Marxism principle,cultural governance and cultural development of their own logic,thinking about the practice of creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent culture.