电动拖拉机底盘轻量化设计及其多目标优化方法

Lightweight Design and Multi-Objective Optimization Method of Electric Tractor Chassis

电动拖拉机底盘轻量化设计可以提高整车性能,并且可达到降低使用能耗以延长续航时间的目的。本文根据18 k W电动拖拉机主要技术参数,进行电动拖拉机底盘结构方案的设计;基于拓扑优化对底盘中强度盈余较大的后桥壳体进行结构改进,对第7阶模态云图中的振型突变处进行结构调整;采用多目标优化方法降低底盘前部电池箱承载区纵梁、主车架纵梁、第二横梁、第三横梁、变速箱壳体结构的厚度,达到了轻量化设计的目的,并完成了动、静力学特性的校核。

The lightweight design of the electric tractor chassis can improve the overall vehicle performance,and reduce the use of energy consumption to extend the battery life.According to the main technical parameters of 18 kilowattselectric tractor,we designed the structure scheme of the chassis of the electric tractor.Based on the topology optimization,the struc-ture of the rear axle housing with large strength surplus in the chassis was improved,and the structure of the sudden change of the vibration mode in the 7th modal cloud chart was adjusted.The longitudinal beam and the main frame of the battery box in the front of the chassis were reduced by the multi-objective optimization method.The thickness of the longitudinal beam,the second beam,the third beam and the gearbox shell structure achieved the goal of lightweight design,and completedthe verification of dynamic and static characteristics.